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~Course Details~
CBSE Standard Twelve
The Course contains fully animated syllabus of CBSE Board Class 12
COURSE DESCRIPTION
The course contains teachings of subject matter experts and master teachers who have covered all aspects of the subject in great details thereby simplifying concepts to ensure a better understanding & learning outcome. This supported by clips & story board ensures student engagement with an effective learning outcome & better knowledge retention. The content also incorporates interactive assessment modules which provides students with a tool to revise & to assess their understanding of the subject & concepts. Structured on Houghton Mifflin standards with pedagogy based high impact animated content with graphics, illustrations & videos. In this course you can learn subjects Biology, Physics, Chemistry, Mathematics.
CURRICULUM
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Subject 1: Biology
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Chapter 1.1: Biodiversity and Conservation
- 1.1.1: Introduction
- 1.1.2: Objectives
- 1.1.3: Biodiversity
- 1.1.4: Levels of Biodiversity
- 1.1.5: How many Species are there on Earth and How many in India?
- 1.1.6: Patterns of Biodiversity
- 1.1.7: Species-Area relationships Ecosystem
- 1.1.8: The importance of Species
- 1.1.9: Loss of Biodiversity
- 1.1.10: Over-exploitation
- 1.1.11: Alien species invasions
- 1.1.12: Co-extinctions
- 1.1.13: Biodiversity Conservation
- 1.1.14: How do we conserve Biodiversity?
- 1.1.15: In situ conservation
- 1.1.16: Biodiversity hotspot
- 1.1.17: Ex situ conservation
- 1.1.18: Summary
- 1.1.19: mcq_1.1
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Chapter 1.2: Biotechnology Principles and Processes
- 1.2.1: Introduction
- 1.2.2: Objectives
- 1.2.3: Principles of Biotechnology
- 1.2.4: Development of Principles of Genetic Engineering
- 1.2.5: Construction of an Artificial Recombinant DNA Molecule
- 1.2.6: Tools of Recombinant DNA Technology
- 1.2.7: Production of DNA
- 1.2.8: Steps in formation of Recombinant DNA by action of restriction endonuclease enzyme
- 1.2.9: Separation and Isolation of DNA Fragments
- 1.2.10: Cloning Vectors
- 1.2.11: Cloning Vectors
- 1.2.12: Competent Host(For Transformation with Recombinant DNA)
- 1.2.13: Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
- 1.2.14: Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
- 1.2.15: Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
- 1.2.16: Processes of Recombinant DNA Technology
- 1.2.17: Summary
- 1.2.18: Summary
- 1.2.19: mcq_1.2
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Chapter 1.3: Biotechnology and its applications
- 1.3.1: Introduction
- 1.3.2: Objectives
- 1.3.3: Biotechnological Apllications in Agriculture
- 1.3.4: Uses of Genetically Modified Organisms
- 1.3.5: Biotechnological Apllications in Agriculture
- 1.3.6: Pest Resistant Plant
- 1.3.7: Biotechnological Apllications in Medicine
- 1.3.8: Gene Therapy
- 1.3.9: Molecular Diagnosis
- 1.3.10: Transgenic Animals
- 1.3.11: Applications of Transgenic Animals
- 1.3.12: Medicle Application
- 1.3.13: Industrial Apllications
- 1.3.14: Ethical Issues
- 1.3.15: Biopiracy
- 1.3.16: Summary
- 1.3.17: Summary
- 1.3.18: mcq_1.3
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Chapter 1.4: Ecosystem
- 1.4.1: Introduction
- 1.4.2: Objectives
- 1.4.3: Ecosystem-Structure and function
- 1.4.4: Productivity
- 1.4.5: Decomposition
- 1.4.6: Steps of Decomposition
- 1.4.7: Energy flow
- 1.4.8: Herbivore
- 1.4.9: Carnivore
- 1.4.10: Ecological Pyramids(Pyramid of Number)
- 1.4.11: Energy flow
- 1.4.12: Pyramid of Biomass
- 1.4.13: Pyramid of Energy
- 1.4.14: Ecological Succession
- 1.4.15: Ecological Succession
- 1.4.16: Secondary Succession
- 1.4.17: Nutrient Cycling
- 1.4.18: Ecosystem-Carbon Cycle
- 1.4.19: Ecosystem Services
- 1.4.20: Ecosystem-Phosphorus Cycle
- 1.4.21: Succession of Plants
- 1.4.22: Summary
- 1.4.23: Summary
- 1.4.24: Summary
- 1.4.25: mcq_1.4
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Chapter 1.5: Environmental Issues-I
- 1.5.1: Introduction
- 1.5.2: Objectives
- 1.5.3: Air Pollution and its Control
- 1.5.4: Causes of Air Pollution
- 1.5.5: Control Methods of Air Pollution
- 1.5.6: scrubber
- 1.5.7: Effects of Air Pollution
- 1.5.8: Controlling Vehicular Air Pollution:A Case Study of Delhi
- 1.5.9: Air(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act 1981
- 1.5.10: Noise Pollution
- 1.5.11: Sources of Noise Pollution
- 1.5.12: Water Pollution and its Control
- 1.5.13: Domestic Sewage and Industrial Effluents
- 1.5.14: Biochemical Oxygen Demand(BOD)
- 1.5.15: Biomagnification
- 1.5.16: Eutrophication
- 1.5.17: Effects of Water Pollution
- 1.5.18: Industrial Effluents
- 1.5.19: A Case Study of Integrated Waste Water Treatement
- 1.5.20: Summary
- 1.5.21: Summary
- 1.5.22: mcq_1.5
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Chapter 1.6: Environmental Issues-II
- 1.6.1: Introduction
- 1.6.2: Objectives
- 1.6.3: Solid Wastes
- 1.6.4: Bio-degradable
- 1.6.5: Case Study of Remedy of Plastic Waste
- 1.6.6: Hospital Waste
- 1.6.7: Electronic Waste(e-Waste)
- 1.6.8: Agro-chemicals and their Effects
- 1.6.9: Types of Agro-chemicals
- 1.6.10: Case Study of Organic Farming
- 1.6.11: Radioactive Wastes
- 1.6.12: Greenhouse Effect and Global Warming
- 1.6.13: Global Warming
- 1.6.14: Ozone Depletion in the Stratosphere
- 1.6.15: Effect of Ozone Depletion
- 1.6.16: Degradation by Improper Resource Utilisation and Maintenance
- 1.6.17: Waterlogging and Soil Salinity
- 1.6.18: Deforestation
- 1.6.19: Effects of Deforestation
- 1.6.20: Case Study of People's Participation in Conservation of Forests
- 1.6.21: Summary
- 1.6.22: Summary
- 1.6.23: mcq_1.6
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Chapter 1.7: Evolution-I
- 1.7.1: Introduction
- 1.7.2: Objectives
- 1.7.3: Big Bang Theory
- 1.7.4: Formation of Earth's Atmosphere
- 1.7.5: Theory of Spontaneous Generation
- 1.7.6: Oparin-Haladane Theory of Origin of Life
- 1.7.7: Miller's Experiments
- 1.7.8: Theory of special Creation
- 1.7.9: Charle's Darwin Theory on Evolution of Life
- 1.7.10: Evidence for Evolution
- 1.7.11: Homologous Structures
- 1.7.12: Analogous Structures
- 1.7.13: Adaptive Radiations
- 1.7.14: Summary
- 1.7.15: mcq_1.7
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Chapter 1.8: Evolution-II
- 1.8.1: Introduction
- 1.8.2: Objectives
- 1.8.3: Biological Evolution
- 1.8.4: Descent with Modification
- 1.8.5: Natural selection
- 1.8.6: Example ofHardy-Weinberg
- 1.8.7: Mechanism of Evolution
- 1.8.8: Hardy-Weinberg Principle
- 1.8.9: Factors affecting Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
- 1.8.10: Effect of Natural selection on Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
- 1.8.11: Evolutionary History
- 1.8.12: Evolution of Mammals
- 1.8.13: Evolution of Man
- 1.8.14: Summary
- 1.8.15: mcq_1.8
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Chapter 1.9: Human Health and Disease-I
- 1.9.1: Introduction
- 1.9.2: Objectives
- 1.9.3: Health and Disease
- 1.9.4: Health and Disease
- 1.9.5: Factors necessary to maintain good health
- 1.9.6: Classification of Diseases
- 1.9.7: Pathogens-Disease Causing Organisms
- 1.9.8: Common Human Diseases
- 1.9.9: Typhoid
- 1.9.10: Pneumonia
- 1.9.11: Common Cold
- 1.9.12: Malaria
- 1.9.13: Amoebiasis
- 1.9.14: Ascariasis
- 1.9.15: Elephantisis/Fllariasis
- 1.9.16: Ringworm Infection
- 1.9.17: Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases
- 1.9.18: Prevention and Control of Infectious Diseases
- 1.9.19: Summary
- 1.9.20: mcq_1.9
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Chapter 1.10: Human Reproduction-I
- 1.10.1: Introduction
- 1.10.2: Objectives
- 1.10.3: Male Reproductive System
- 1.10.4: Male Reproductive System
- 1.10.5: Male Reproductive System
- 1.10.6: Male Reproductive System
- 1.10.7: Male Reproductive System
- 1.10.8: Female Reproductive System
- 1.10.9: Female Reproductive System
- 1.10.10: Female Reproductive System
- 1.10.11: Female Reproductive System
- 1.10.12: Female Reproductive System
- 1.10.13: Summary
- 1.10.14: mcq_1.10
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Chapter 1.11: Human Health and Disease-II
- 1.11.1: Introduction
- 1.11.2: Objectives
- 1.11.3: Immunity
- 1.11.4: Innate Immunity
- 1.11.5: Acquired Immunity
- 1.11.6: Antibody
- 1.11.7: Types of Immune responses
- 1.11.8: Types of Acquired Immunity
- 1.11.9: Vaccination and Immunization
- 1.11.10: Vaccination and Immunization
- 1.11.11: Active and Passive Immunization
- 1.11.12: Allergy
- 1.11.13: Allergy
- 1.11.14: Auto-Immunity
- 1.11.15: Lymphoid Organs
- 1.11.16: Lymphoid Organs
- 1.11.17: Allergy
- 1.11.18: Summary
- 1.11.19: mcq_1.11
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Chapter 1.12: Human Reproduction-II
- 1.12.1: Introduction
- 1.12.2: Objectives
- 1.12.3: Gametogenesis
- 1.12.4: Spermatogenesis
- 1.12.5: Structure of Sperm
- 1.12.6: Oogenesis
- 1.12.7: Menstrual Cycle
- 1.12.8: Fertilization
- 1.12.9: Implantation
- 1.12.10: Embroyonic Development
- 1.12.11: Pregnancy
- 1.12.12: Parturition
- 1.12.13: Lactation
- 1.12.14: Summary
- 1.12.15: mcq_1.12
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Chapter 1.13: Microbes in Human Welfare
- 1.13.1: Introduction
- 1.13.2: Objectives
- 1.13.3: Microbes in Household Products
- 1.13.4: Microbes in Household Products
- 1.13.5: Antibiotics
- 1.13.6: Chemicals,Enzymes and Other Bioactive Molecules
- 1.13.7: Microbes in Sewage Treatement
- 1.13.8: Microbes in Production of Biogas
- 1.13.9: Microbes as Biocontrol Agents
- 1.13.10: Microbes as Biofertilisers
- 1.13.11: Summary
- 1.13.12: Summary
- 1.13.13: Summary
- 1.13.14: mcq_1.13
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Chapter 1.14: Molecular Basis of Inheritance-I
- 1.14.1: Introduction
- 1.14.2: Objectives
- 1.14.3: Identification of DNA as Genetic Material
- 1.14.4: Polypeptide chain
- 1.14.5: Structure of DNA
- 1.14.6: Central Dogma
- 1.14.7: Packaging of DNA helix in Prokaryotes
- 1.14.8: Packaging of DNA helix in Eukaryotes
- 1.14.9: Griffith's Transforming Principle
- 1.14.10: Biochemical Characterization of Transforming Principle
- 1.14.11: Hershey-Chase Experiment
- 1.14.12: Properties of Genetic Material
- 1.14.13: RNA
- 1.14.14: Which is a better Genetic material-RNA or DNA?
- 1.14.15: Summary
- 1.14.16: mcq_1.14
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Chapter 1.15: Molecular Basis of Inheritance-II
- 1.15.1: Introduction
- 1.15.2: Objectives
- 1.15.3: What is DNA Replication?
- 1.15.4: Meselson and Stahl Experiment on Semi-conservative DNA replication
- 1.15.5: Mechanism of Replication
- 1.15.6: Transcription
- 1.15.7: Gene in the Transcription Unit
- 1.15.8: Types of RNA
- 1.15.9: Process of Transcription in Bacteria
- 1.15.10: Process of Transcription in Eukaryotes
- 1.15.11: Genetic Code
- 1.15.12: Salient Features of Genetic Code
- 1.15.13: Effect of Mutation on Genetic Code
- 1.15.14: tRNA
- 1.15.15: Translation
- 1.15.16: Steps of Translation
- 1.15.17: Summary
- 1.15.18: mcq_1.15
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Chapter 1.16: Molecular Basis of Inheritance-III
- 1.16.1: Introduction
- 1.16.2: Objectives
- 1.16.3: Regulation of Gene Expression
- 1.16.4: Positive and Negative Regulation
- 1.16.5: Lac Operon
- 1.16.6: Regulation of Lac Operon
- 1.16.7: Regulation of Lac Operon
- 1.16.8: Human Genome Project
- 1.16.9: Methodology of Human Genome Project
- 1.16.10: Salient Features of Human Genome Project
- 1.16.11: DNA Fingerprinting
- 1.16.12: DNA polymorphism
- 1.16.13: DNA Fingerprinting Technique
- 1.16.14: Steps involved in DNA Fingerprinting Technique
- 1.16.15: Summary
- 1.16.16: mcq_1.16
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Chapter 1.17: Organisms and Population
- 1.17.1: Introduction
- 1.17.2: Objectives
- 1.17.3: Organism and its Environment
- 1.17.4: Major Abiotic Factors
- 1.17.5: Water
- 1.17.6: Light
- 1.17.7: Soil
- 1.17.8: Response ti Abiotic Factors
- 1.17.9: Regulate
- 1.17.10: Conform
- 1.17.11: Migrate
- 1.17.12: Suspend
- 1.17.13: Adaptations
- 1.17.14: Desert Plant Adaptations
- 1.17.15: Trophical Rain Forest Adaptations
- 1.17.16: Populations
- 1.17.17: Characteristics of Population
- 1.17.18: Population Growth
- 1.17.19: Growth Models
- 1.17.20: Logistics Model
- 1.17.21: life History Variation
- 1.17.22: Population Interactions
- 1.17.23: Predation
- 1.17.24: Competition
- 1.17.25: Parasitism
- 1.17.26: Commensalism
- 1.17.27: Mutualism
- 1.17.28: Summary
- 1.17.29: Summary
- 1.17.30: mcq_1.17
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Chapter 1.18: Principles of Inheritance and Variation-I
- 1.18.1: Introduction
- 1.18.2: Objectives
- 1.18.3: Mendelism
- 1.18.4: Seven Traits of Pisum Sativum
- 1.18.5: Stages of Mendel's Experiments
- 1.18.6: Inheritance of One Gene
- 1.18.7: Results of Monohybrid cross
- 1.18.8: Segregation of Characteristics
- 1.18.9: Punnett Square
- 1.18.10: Calculating Punnett Square
- 1.18.11: Test Cross
- 1.18.12: Laws of Inheritance
- 1.18.13: Incomplete dominance,Co-dominance and Multiple Alleles
- 1.18.14: Dihybrid cross
- 1.18.15: Law of Independent Assortment
- 1.18.16: Summary
- 1.18.17: mcq_1.18
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Chapter 1.19: Principles of Inheritance and Variation-II
- 1.19.1: Introduction
- 1.19.2: Objectives
- 1.19.3: Reasons for non-recognition of Mendel's work by 1900
- 1.19.4: Discovery of Chromosomes
- 1.19.5: Genes and Chromosomes
- 1.19.6: Independent Assortment of Chromosomes
- 1.19.7: Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
- 1.19.8: Experimental Verication of Chromosomal Theory of Inheritance
- 1.19.9: Linkage
- 1.19.10: Crossing Over
- 1.19.11: Crossing Over and Genetic Recombination
- 1.19.12: Genetic Mapping
- 1.19.13: mcq_1.19
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Chapter 1.20: Principles of Inheritance and Variation-III
- 1.20.1: Introduction
- 1.20.2: Objectives
- 1.20.3: Sex Determination
- 1.20.4: Sex Determination in Humans
- 1.20.5: Mutations
- 1.20.6: Types of Mutation
- 1.20.7: Pedigree Analysis
- 1.20.8: Genetic Disorders
- 1.20.9: Mendelian Disorders
- 1.20.10: Haemophilia
- 1.20.11: Cystic Fibrosis
- 1.20.12: Sickle-Cell Anemia
- 1.20.13: Phenylketonuria
- 1.20.14: Chromosomal Disorders
- 1.20.15: Chromosomal Disorders
- 1.20.16: Summary
- 1.20.17: mcq_1.20
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Chapter 1.21: Reproduction in Organisms
- 1.21.1: Introduction
- 1.21.2: Objectives
- 1.21.3: Reproduction
- 1.21.4: Types of Asexual Reproduction
- 1.21.5: Binary Fission
- 1.21.6: Budding
- 1.21.7: Vegetative Propogation
- 1.21.8: Spore Formation
- 1.21.9: Fragmentation
- 1.21.10: Parthenoenesis
- 1.21.11: Sexual Reproduction
- 1.21.12: Pre-fertilization events
- 1.21.13: Fertilization
- 1.21.14: Post-fertilization events
- 1.21.15: video-B21.16
- 1.21.16: Summary
- 1.21.17: mcq_1.21
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Chapter 1.22: Reproductive Health
- 1.22.1: Introduction
- 1.22.2: Objectives
- 1.22.3: Reproductive Health
- 1.22.4: Reproductive Health Problems
- 1.22.5: Reproductive Health Strategies
- 1.22.6: Population Explosion
- 1.22.7: Birth Control
- 1.22.8: Natural Birth Control Methods
- 1.22.9: Artificial Birth Control Methods
- 1.22.10: Artificial Birth Control Methods
- 1.22.11: Medical Termination of Pregnancy
- 1.22.12: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- 1.22.13: Sexually Transmitted Diseases
- 1.22.14: Infertility
- 1.22.15: ART Techniques
- 1.22.16: ART Techniques
- 1.22.17: Summary
- 1.22.18: mcq_1.22
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Chapter 1.23: Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants
- 1.23.1: Introduction
- 1.23.2: Introduction
- 1.23.3: Objectives
- 1.23.4: Parts of a Flower
- 1.23.5: Pre-Fertilization events
- 1.23.6: Structure of Stamen and Anther
- 1.23.7: Microsporogenesis and Development of Pollen Grains
- 1.23.8: Structure of Gynoecium and Ovule
- 1.23.9: Megasporogenesis and Development of Female Gametophyte
- 1.23.10: pollination
- 1.23.11: Agents of pollination
- 1.23.12: Pollen-Pistil Interaction
- 1.23.13: Double Fertilization
- 1.23.14: Post-fertilization events
- 1.23.15: Embryo Development
- 1.23.16: Seed and Fruit Development
- 1.23.17: Summary
- 1.23.18: Summary
- 1.23.19: mcq_1.23
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Chapter 1.24: Strategies for Enhancement in Food Production
- 1.24.1: Introduction
- 1.24.2: Objectives
- 1.24.3: Animal Husbandry
- 1.24.4: Management of Farms and Farm Animals
- 1.24.5: Poultary Farm Management
- 1.24.6: Animal Breeding
- 1.24.7: Animal Breeding
- 1.24.8: Multiple Ovulation Embryo Transfer Technology(MOET)
- 1.24.9: Bee-Keeping
- 1.24.10: Fisheries
- 1.24.11: Plant Breeding
- 1.24.12: Plant Breeding for Disease Resistance
- 1.24.13: Plant Breeding for Developing Resistance to Insects and Pests
- 1.24.14: Plant Breeding for Improved Food Quality
- 1.24.15: Single Cell Protein(SCP)
- 1.24.16: Tissue Culture
- 1.24.17: Summary
- 1.24.18: Summary
- 1.24.19: Summary
- 1.24.20: mcq_1.24
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Chapter 1.1: Biodiversity and Conservation
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Subject 2: Chemistry
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Chapter 2.1: Alcohols,Phenols and Ethers (I)
- 2.1.1: Introduction
- 2.1.2: Objectives
- 2.1.3: Classification
- 2.1.4: Classification
- 2.1.5: Classification
- 2.1.6: Nomenclature
- 2.1.7: Nomenclature
- 2.1.8: Nomenclature
- 2.1.9: Structures of functional groups
- 2.1.10: Alcohols and Phenols
- 2.1.11: Preparation of Alcohols from Alkenes
- 2.1.12: Preparation of Alcohols
- 2.1.13: Preparation of Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds
- 2.1.14: Preparation of Alcohols
- 2.1.15: Preparation of Phenols
- 2.1.16: Preparation of Phenols
- 2.1.17: Physical Properties
- 2.1.18: Summary
- 2.1.19: mcq_2.1
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Chapter 2.2: Alcohols,Phenols and Ethers (II)
- 2.2.1: Introduction
- 2.2.2: Objectives
- 2.2.3: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.4: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.5: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.6: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.7: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.8: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.9: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.10: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.11: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.12: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.13: Chemical Reactions
- 2.2.14: Some Commercially Important Alcohols
- 2.2.15: Some Commercially Important Alcohols
- 2.2.16: Ethers
- 2.2.17: Ethers
- 2.2.18: Ethers
- 2.2.19: Summary
- 2.2.20: Summary
- 2.2.21: Summary
- 2.2.22: mcq_2.2
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Chapter 2.3: Aldehydes,Ketones and Carboxylic Acids-(I)
- 2.3.1: Introduction
- 2.3.2: Objectives
- 2.3.3: Carbonyl Compounds
- 2.3.4: Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group
- 2.3.5: Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group
- 2.3.6: Nomenclature and Structure of Carbonyl Group
- 2.3.7: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.8: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.9: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.10: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.11: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.12: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.13: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.14: Preparation of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.3.15: Physical Properties
- 2.3.16: Physical Properties
- 2.3.17: Physical Properties
- 2.3.18: Summary
- 2.3.19: Summary
- 2.3.20: mcq_2.3
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Chapter 2.4: Aldehydes,Ketones and Carboxylic Acids-(II)
- 2.4.1: Introduction
- 2.4.2: Objectives
- 2.4.3: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.4: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.5: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.6: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.7: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.8: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.9: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.10: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.11: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.12: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.13: Uses of Aldehydes and Ketones
- 2.4.14: Carboxylic Acids
- 2.4.15: Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group
- 2.4.16: Nomenclature and Structure of Carboxyl Group
- 2.4.17: Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
- 2.4.18: Methods of Preparation of Carboxylic Acids
- 2.4.19: Physical Properties
- 2.4.20: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.21: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.22: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.23: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.24: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.25: Chemical Reactions
- 2.4.26: Uses of Carboxylic Acids
- 2.4.27: Summary
- 2.4.28: Summary
- 2.4.29: mcq_2.4
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Chapter 2.5: Amines
- 2.5.1: Introduction
- 2.5.2: Objectives
- 2.5.3: Amines
- 2.5.4: Classification
- 2.5.5: Classification
- 2.5.6: Preparation of Amines
- 2.5.7: Preparation of Amines
- 2.5.8: Preparation of Amines
- 2.5.9: Physical Properties
- 2.5.10: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.11: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.12: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.13: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.14: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.15: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.16: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.17: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.18: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.19: Diazonium Salts
- 2.5.20: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.21: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.22: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.23: Chemical Reactions
- 2.5.24: importance of Diazonium Salts in Synthesis of Aromatic Compounds
- 2.5.25: Summary
- 2.5.26: Summary
- 2.5.27: mcq_2.5
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Chapter 2.6: Biomolecules
- 2.6.1: Introduction
- 2.6.2: Objectives
- 2.6.3: Definition
- 2.6.4: The Cell
- 2.6.5: Carbohydrates
- 2.6.6: Classification of Carbohydrates
- 2.6.7: Monosaccharides
- 2.6.8: Glucose(C6H12O6)
- 2.6.9: Chemical Reactions of Glucose
- 2.6.10: Cyclic Structure of Glucose
- 2.6.11: Haworth Structures
- 2.6.12: Fructose
- 2.6.13: Properties of Fructose
- 2.6.14: Disaccharides
- 2.6.15: Sucrose
- 2.6.16: Maltose
- 2.6.17: Lactose
- 2.6.18: Polysaccharides
- 2.6.19: Starch
- 2.6.20: Cellulose
- 2.6.21: Glycogen
- 2.6.22: Importance of Carbohydrates
- 2.6.23: Proteins
- 2.6.24: Amino Acids
- 2.6.25: Essential and Non-Essential Amino Acid
- 2.6.26: Peptide,Polypeptide and Proteins
- 2.6.27: Polysaccharides
- 2.6.28: Structure of Proteins
- 2.6.29: Denaturation of
- 2.6.30: Enzymes
- 2.6.31: Mechanism of Enzyme Action
- 2.6.32: Vitamins
- 2.6.33: Classification of Vitamins
- 2.6.34: Nucleic Acids
- 2.6.35: DNA and RNA
- 2.6.36: Biological Functions of Nucleic Acid
- 2.6.37: Summary
- 2.6.38: Summary
- 2.6.39: mcq_2.6
-
Chapter 2.7: Chemical kinetics
- 2.7.1: Introduction
- 2.7.2: Objectives
- 2.7.3: Definition
- 2.7.4: Types of Chemical Reactions
- 2.7.5: Rate of a Chemical Reaction
- 2.7.6: Units of Rate of Reaction
- 2.7.7: Average Rate of Reaction
- 2.7.8: Instantaneous Rate of Reaction
- 2.7.9: Rate Expression and Stoichiometry of the Reaction
- 2.7.10: Example on Rate Expression and Stoichiometry of the Reaction
- 2.7.11: Factors affecting the Rate of Reaction
- 2.7.12: Effect of Concentration
- 2.7.13: Rate of Reaction vs Rate constant
- 2.7.14: Order of Reaction
- 2.7.15: Units of Rate Constant for different orders
- 2.7.16: Molecularity of a Reaction
- 2.7.17: Zero Order Reaction
- 2.7.18: First Order Reaction
- 2.7.19: Half Life of a Reaction
- 2.7.20: Half Life for First Order Reaction
- 2.7.21: Pseudo First Order Reaction
- 2.7.22: Temperature Dependence of the Rate
- 2.7.23: Effective Collisions and Threshold Energy
- 2.7.24: Effective Collisions and Threshold Energy
- 2.7.25: Activation Energy and Activated Complex
- 2.7.26: Effect of Catalyst on the Rate of the Reaction
- 2.7.27: Collision Theory of Chemical Reactions
- 2.7.28: Summary
- 2.7.29: Summary
- 2.7.30: Order of Reactions vs Molecularity of Reaction
- 2.7.31: mcq_2.7
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Chapter 2.8: Chemistry in Everyday Life
- 2.8.1: Introduction
- 2.8.2: Objectives
- 2.8.3: Chemical Compounds in Everyday Life
- 2.8.4: Drugs
- 2.8.5: Classification of Drugs
- 2.8.6: Drug designing
- 2.8.7: Drug Target Interaction
- 2.8.8: Enzymes as Drug Targets
- 2.8.9: Inhibition
- 2.8.10: Receptors as Drug Targets
- 2.8.11: Therapeutic action of different classes of Drugs
- 2.8.12: Anthihistamines
- 2.8.13: Neurologically Active Drugs
- 2.8.14: Analgesics
- 2.8.15: Antimicrobials
- 2.8.16: Antiseotics and Disinfectants
- 2.8.17: Antifertility Drugs
- 2.8.18: Chemicals in Food
- 2.8.19: Artificial Sweetening Agents
- 2.8.20: Food Preservatives
- 2.8.21: Soaps
- 2.8.22: Types of Soaps
- 2.8.23: Detergents
- 2.8.24: Types of Detergents
- 2.8.25: Summary
- 2.8.26: Summary
- 2.8.27: mcq_2.8
-
Chapter 2.9: Coordination Compounds
- 2.9.1: Introduction
- 2.9.2: Objectives
- 2.9.3: Definition
- 2.9.4: Werner's Theory
- 2.9.5: Coordination Entity
- 2.9.6: Ligands
- 2.9.7: Denticity and Chelation
- 2.9.8: Some Properties of Ligands
- 2.9.9: Coordination Sphere and Coordination Number
- 2.9.10: Coordination Polyhedron
- 2.9.11: Oxidation Number of Central Atom
- 2.9.12: Effective Atomic Number(EAN)
- 2.9.13: Homoleptic and Heteroleptic Complexes
- 2.9.14: Difference between Double Salt and Complex Compound
- 2.9.15: Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
- 2.9.16: Naming of Polynuclear Coordination Compounds
- 2.9.17: Example on Nomenclature of Coordination Compounds
- 2.9.18: Writing Formula of a Coordination Compound
- 2.9.19: Isomerism in Coordination Compounds
- 2.9.20: Structural Isomers
- 2.9.21: Stereo Isomers
- 2.9.22: Vallence Bond Theory
- 2.9.23: Limitations of Valence Bond Theory
- 2.9.24: Crystal Field Theory
- 2.9.25: Crystal Field Splitting of d-orbitals
- 2.9.26: Crystal Field Splitting in Octahedral and Tetrahedral Complexes
- 2.9.27: Colour in Coordination Compounds
- 2.9.28: Bonding in Metal Carbonyls
- 2.9.29: Properties of Metal Carbonyls
- 2.9.30: Stability of Coordination Compound
- 2.9.31: Summary
- 2.9.32: Summary
- 2.9.33: mcq_2.9
-
Chapter 2.10: Electrochemistry-I
- 2.10.1: Introduction
- 2.10.2: Objectives
- 2.10.3: Definition
- 2.10.4: Electrochemical Cell
- 2.10.5: Working of Electrochemical Cell
- 2.10.6: Observations in Electrochemical Cell
- 2.10.7: Sinificance of Salt Bridge
- 2.10.8: Representation of an Electrochemical Cell
- 2.10.9: Electrode Potential
- 2.10.10: EMF of the Cell
- 2.10.11: Standard Hydrogen Electrode(SHE)
- 2.10.12: Electrochemical Series
- 2.10.13: Nernst Equation
- 2.10.14: Nernst Equation and EMF of the cell
- 2.10.15: Nernst Equation and Equilibrium Constant
- 2.10.16: Electrochemical Cell and Gibbs Energy
- 2.10.17: Conductors
- 2.10.18: Classification of Electrolytes
- 2.10.19: Factors affecting Electrolytic Conduction
- 2.10.20: Electrical Resistance
- 2.10.21: Electrical Conductance
- 2.10.22: Molar Conductivity of the Electrolytic Solutions
- 2.10.23: Example on Molar Conductivity
- 2.10.24: Measurement of Electrical Conductivity
- 2.10.25: Cell Constant
- 2.10.26: Variation of Conductivity and Molar Conductivity with Concentration
- 2.10.27: Graphical Representation of Molar Conductivity with Concentration
- 2.10.28: Kohlrausch's Law
- 2.10.29: Application of Kohlrausch's Law
- 2.10.30: Summary
- 2.10.31: Summary
- 2.10.32: mcq_2.10
-
Chapter 2.11: Electrochemistry-II
- 2.11.1: Introduction
- 2.11.2: Objectives
- 2.11.3: Electrolysis
- 2.11.4: Mechanism of Electrolysis
- 2.11.5: Products of Electrolysis
- 2.11.6: Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis
- 2.11.7: Example on Faraday's Laws of Electrolysis
- 2.11.8: Batteries
- 2.11.9: Categories of Batteries
- 2.11.10: Dry Cell
- 2.11.11: Mercury Cell
- 2.11.12: Lead Storage Battery
- 2.11.13: Nickel-Cadmium Storage Cell
- 2.11.14: Fuel Cell
- 2.11.15: Corrosion
- 2.11.16: Electrochemical Theory of Rusting
- 2.11.17: Prevention of Corrosion
- 2.11.18: Summary
- 2.11.19: Summary
- 2.11.20: mcq_2.11
-
Chapter 2.12: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes-(I)
- 2.12.1: Introduction
- 2.12.2: Objectives
- 2.12.3: Classification
- 2.12.4: Classification
- 2.12.5: Classification
- 2.12.6: Nomenclature
- 2.12.7: Nomenclature
- 2.12.8: Nature of C-X Bond
- 2.12.9: Methods of Preparation
- 2.12.10: Methods of Preparation
- 2.12.11: Methods of Preparation
- 2.12.12: Methods of Preparation
- 2.12.13: Methods of Preparation
- 2.12.14: Physical Properties
- 2.12.15: Melting and Boiling Points
- 2.12.16: Density
- 2.12.17: Solubility
- 2.12.18: Summary
- 2.12.19: Summary
- 2.12.20: mcq_2.12
-
Chapter 2.13: Haloalkanes and Haloarenes-(II)
- 2.13.1: Introduction
- 2.13.2: Objectives
- 2.13.3: Chemical Reaction
- 2.13.4: Mechanism
- 2.13.5: Substitution Nucleophilic Unimolecular(SN1)
- 2.13.6: Substitution Nucleophilic Unimolecular(SN1)
- 2.13.7: Stereochemical Aspects of Nucleophilic Substitution Reactions
- 2.13.8: Elimination Reactions
- 2.13.9: Reaction with Metals
- 2.13.10: Reaction of Haloarenes
- 2.13.11: Replacement by Hydroxyl Group
- 2.13.12: Electrophilic Substitution Reactions
- 2.13.13: Reaction with Metals
- 2.13.14: Polyhalogens Compounds
- 2.13.15: Polyhalogens Compounds
- 2.13.16: Polyhalogens Compounds
- 2.13.17: Summary
- 2.13.18: Summary
- 2.13.19: mcq_2.13
-
Chapter 2.14: Polymers
- 2.14.1: Introduction
- 2.14.2: Objectives
- 2.14.3: Definition
- 2.14.4: Homopolymers and Copolymers
- 2.14.5: Classification of Polymers based upon Source
- 2.14.6: Classification of Polymers based upon Source
- 2.14.7: Classification based upon the Mode of Polymerisation
- 2.14.8: Classification of Polymers based on Molecular Forces
- 2.14.9: Types of Polymerisation Reactions
- 2.14.10: Free Radical Polymerisation
- 2.14.11: Polythene
- 2.14.12: Polypropene
- 2.14.13: Polytetrafluoroethylene(Teflon)
- 2.14.14: Polyacrylonitrile(PAN)
- 2.14.15: Polyamides
- 2.14.16: Polyesters
- 2.14.17: Phenol Formaldehyde Polymer(Bakelite)
- 2.14.18: Melamine-Formaldehyde Polymer
- 2.14.19: Natural Rubber
- 2.14.20: Synthetic Rubber
- 2.14.21: Molecular Mass of Polymers
- 2.14.22: Biodegradable polymers
- 2.14.23: Summary
- 2.14.24: Summary
- 2.14.25: mcq_2.14
-
Chapter 2.15: Processes of Isolation of elements
- 2.15.1: Introduction
- 2.15.2: Introduction
- 2.15.3: Definition
- 2.15.4: occurrence of Metals
- 2.15.5: Concentration of Ores
- 2.15.6: Magnetic Separation
- 2.15.7: Froth Floatation Method
- 2.15.8: Extraction of Crude Metal from Concentrated Ore
- 2.15.9: Example on Extraction of Crude Metals
- 2.15.10: Thermodynamic Principles of Metallurgy
- 2.15.11: Ellingham Diagram
- 2.15.12: Extraction of Iron
- 2.15.13: Reactions in Blast Furnance
- 2.15.14: Extraction of Copper
- 2.15.15: Extraction of zinc
- 2.15.16: Electrochemical Principles of Metallurgy
- 2.15.17: Extraction of Aluminium
- 2.15.18: Oxidation Reduction
- 2.15.19: Refining
- 2.15.20: Zone Refining
- 2.15.21: Chromatographic Method
- 2.15.22: Uses of Aluminium
- 2.15.23: Uses of Copper
- 2.15.24: Uses of Iron
- 2.15.25: Summary
- 2.15.26: Summary
- 2.15.27: mcq_2.15
-
Chapter 2.16: Solid State-I
- 2.16.1: Introduction
- 2.16.2: Objectives
- 2.16.3: Classification of Solids
- 2.16.4: Classification of Solids
- 2.16.5: Amorphous Solids
- 2.16.6: Classification of Crystalline Solids
- 2.16.7: Classification of Molecular Solids
- 2.16.8: Non-polar Molecular Solids
- 2.16.9: Polar Molecular Solids
- 2.16.10: Hydrogen Bonded Molecular Solids
- 2.16.11: Ionic Solids
- 2.16.12: Metallic Solids
- 2.16.13: Covalent or Network Solids
- 2.16.14: Crystal Lattices and Unit Cells
- 2.16.15: Primitive and Centered Unit Cells
- 2.16.16: Centered Unit cells
- 2.16.17: Summary
- 2.16.18: mcq_2.16
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Chapter 2.17: Solid State-II
- 2.17.1: Introduction
- 2.17.2: Objectives
- 2.17.3: Seven Primitive Unit Cells
- 2.17.4: Unit Cells of 14 Types of Bravais Lattices
- 2.17.5: Number of Atoms in a Unit Cell
- 2.17.6: Number of Atoms in a Face-Centered Cubic Unit Cell
- 2.17.7: Close Packing in Solids
- 2.17.8: Close Packing in Three Dimension
- 2.17.9: Close Packing in Three Dimension
- 2.17.10: Formula of a Compound and Number of Voids filled
- 2.17.11: Locating Tetrahedral and Octahedral Voids
- 2.17.12: Packing Efficiency
- 2.17.13: Efficiency of Packing in Body-Centered Cubic Structures
- 2.17.14: Packing Efficiency in hcp and ccp Structures
- 2.17.15: Summary
- 2.17.16: mcq_2.17
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Chapter 2.18: Solid State-III
- 2.18.1: Introduction
- 2.18.2: Objectives
- 2.18.3: Calculations Invoving Unit Cell Dimensions
- 2.18.4: Imperfections in Solids
- 2.18.5: Types of Point Defects
- 2.18.6: Stoichiometric Defects
- 2.18.7: Frenkel and schottky Defects
- 2.18.8: Impurity Defects
- 2.18.9: Non-Stoichiometric Defects
- 2.18.10: Metal Excess Defect
- 2.18.11: Metal Deficiency Defect
- 2.18.12: Electrical Properties
- 2.18.13: Conduction of Electricity in Metals and Semiconductors
- 2.18.14: Magnetic Properties
- 2.18.15: Types of Magnetic Properties
- 2.18.16: Summary
- 2.18.17: mcq_2.18
-
Chapter 2.19: Solutions-I
- 2.19.1: Introduction
- 2.19.2: Objectives
- 2.19.3: Definition
- 2.19.4: Components of Binary Solution
- 2.19.5: Types of Solutions
- 2.19.6: Expressing Concentration of Solutions
- 2.19.7: Normality
- 2.19.8: Molarity and Molality
- 2.19.9: Mole Fraction
- 2.19.10: Example on Mole Fraction
- 2.19.11: Formality and Parts per Million
- 2.19.12: Solubility
- 2.19.13: Solid-Liquid Solutions
- 2.19.14: Causes of Solubility of Solid in a Liquid
- 2.19.15: Effects of Hydration Energy and Temperature
- 2.19.16: Gas-Liquid Solutions
- 2.19.17: Henry's Law
- 2.19.18: Applications of Henry's Law
- 2.19.19: Summary
- 2.19.20: mcq_2.19
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Chapter 2.20: Solutions-II
- 2.20.1: Introduction
- 2.20.2: Objectives
- 2.20.3: Vapour Pressure of Liquid
- 2.20.4: Vapour Pressure of the Solution
- 2.20.5: Raoult's Law
- 2.20.6: Raoult's Law for Solution of Two Volatile Liquids
- 2.20.7: Ideal Solutions
- 2.20.8: Example on Ideal Solutions
- 2.20.9: No-Ideal Solutions
- 2.20.10: Positive Deviation
- 2.20.11: Negative Deviation
- 2.20.12: Colligative Properties
- 2.20.13: Relative Lowering in Vapour Pressure
- 2.20.14: Elevation in Boiling Point
- 2.20.15: Depression in Freezing Point
- 2.20.16: Osmosis
- 2.20.17: Osmotic Pressure
- 2.20.18: Reverse Osmosis
- 2.20.19: Abnormal Molar Masses
- 2.20.20: Vant Hoff's Factor
- 2.20.21: Summary
- 2.20.22: Summary
- 2.20.23: mcq_2.20
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Chapter 2.21: Surface Chemistry
- 2.21.1: Introduction
- 2.21.2: Objectives
- 2.21.3: Objectives
- 2.21.4: Definition
- 2.21.5: Adsorption
- 2.21.6: Adsorption and Absorption
- 2.21.7: Sorption and Desorption
- 2.21.8: Mechanism of Adsorption
- 2.21.9: Types of Adsorption
- 2.21.10: Comparison between Physisorptions and Chemisorption
- 2.21.11: Adsorption Isotherm
- 2.21.12: Freundlich Isotherm
- 2.21.13: Applications of Adsorption
- 2.21.14: Some Other Application of Adsorption
- 2.21.15: Catalysis
- 2.21.16: Types of Catalysis
- 2.21.17: Adsorption Theory of Hetergeneous Catalysis
- 2.21.18: Nature of Solid Catalyst
- 2.21.19: Shape Selective Catalysis by Zeolites
- 2.21.20: Enzyme Catalysis
- 2.21.21: Characteristics of Enzymes Catalysis
- 2.21.22: Mechanism of Enzymes Catalysis
- 2.21.23: Colloids
- 2.21.24: Classification based on Physical State of Colloids
- 2.21.25: Classification based on Nature of Interaction in Colloids
- 2.21.26: Classification based on Type of Particles of Dispersed Phase
- 2.21.27: Mechanism of Micelle Formation
- 2.21.28: Preparation of Colloids by Chemical Methods
- 2.21.29: Preparation of Colloids by Electrical Disintegration
- 2.21.30: Preparation of Colloids by Peptization
- 2.21.31: Purification of Colloidal Solutions
- 2.21.32: Properties of Colloidal Solutions
- 2.21.33: Tyndall Effect
- 2.21.34: Brownian Movement
- 2.21.35: Electrophoresis
- 2.21.36: Coagulation of Colloidal Solution
- 2.21.37: Emulsions
- 2.21.38: Colloids Around Us
- 2.21.39: Applications of Colloids
- 2.21.40: Summary
- 2.21.41: Summary
- 2.21.42: mcq_2.21
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Chapter 2.22: The D and F-Block Elements
- 2.22.1: Introduction
- 2.22.2: Objectives
- 2.22.3: d-block Elements:Transition Elements
- 2.22.4: Electronic Configuration
- 2.22.5: Atomic Radii and Ionic Radii
- 2.22.6: General Characteristics of Transition Metals
- 2.22.7: Ionisation Energy
- 2.22.8: Oxidation States
- 2.22.9: Standard Electrode Potential
- 2.22.10: Reducing Properties
- 2.22.11: Magnetic Properties
- 2.22.12: Complex Formation
- 2.22.13: Formation of Coloured Ions
- 2.22.14: Catalytic Properties
- 2.22.15: Formation of Interstitial Compounds
- 2.22.16: Alloy Formation
- 2.22.17: Some Important Compounds of Transition
- 2.22.18: Potassium Dichromate(K2Cr2O7)
- 2.22.19: Properties of Potassium Dichromate
- 2.22.20: Interconversion of Chromate into Dichromate
- 2.22.21: Potassium Permanganate(KMnO4)
- 2.22.22: Properties of Potassium Permanganate
- 2.22.23: Uses of Potassium Permanganate
- 2.22.24: f-block Elements:The Inner Transition Elements
- 2.22.25: The Lanthanoids
- 2.22.26: Physical Properties of Lanthanoids
- 2.22.27: Chemical Properties of Lanthanoids
- 2.22.28: Lanthanoid Contraction
- 2.22.29: Uses of Lanthanoids
- 2.22.30: The Actinoids
- 2.22.31: Properties of Actinoids
- 2.22.32: Oxidation States of Actinoids
- 2.22.33: Uses of Actinoids
- 2.22.34: Difference between Lanthanoids and Actinoids
- 2.22.35: Did you know?
- 2.22.36: Summary
- 2.22.37: Summary
- 2.22.38: mcq_2.22
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Chapter 2.23: The p-block elements-I
- 2.23.1: Introduction
- 2.23.2: Objectives
- 2.23.3: Definition
- 2.23.4: Group 15 Elements:The Nitrogen Family
- 2.23.5: Physical Properties of Group 15 Elements
- 2.23.6: General Characteristics of Group 15 Elements
- 2.23.7: Oxidation State of Group 15 Elements
- 2.23.8: Anomalous behaviour of Nitrogen
- 2.23.9: Hydride of Group 15 Elements
- 2.23.10: Oxides and Halides of Group 15 Elements
- 2.23.11: Dinitrogen
- 2.23.12: Properties of Dinitrogen
- 2.23.13: Uses of Dinitrogen
- 2.23.14: Ammonia
- 2.23.15: Properties of Ammonia
- 2.23.16: Uses of Ammonia
- 2.23.17: Nitric Acid
- 2.23.18: Properties of Nitric Acid
- 2.23.19: Oxides of Nitrogen
- 2.23.20: Uses of Nitric Acid
- 2.23.21: Phosphorus
- 2.23.22: Allotropic forms of Phosphorus
- 2.23.23: Red and Black Phosphorus
- 2.23.24: Phosphine
- 2.23.25: Properties of Phosphine
- 2.23.26: Phosphorus Halides
- 2.23.27: Phosphorus Pentachloride
- 2.23.28: Oxoacids of Phosphorus
- 2.23.29: Pyrophosphoric and Metaphosphoric
- 2.23.30: Did you know?
- 2.23.31: Summary
- 2.23.32: Summary
- 2.23.33: Orthophosphoric Acid(H3PO4)
- 2.23.34: mcq_2.23
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Chapter 2.24: The p-block elements-II
- 2.24.1: Introduction
- 2.24.2: Objectives
- 2.24.3: Group 16 Elements:The Oxygen Family
- 2.24.4: General trends in the properties
- 2.24.5: Physical Properties of Group 16 Elements
- 2.24.6: Oxidation State of Group 16 Elements
- 2.24.7: Chemical Properties of Group 16 Elements
- 2.24.8: Halides of Group 16 Elements
- 2.24.9: oxides of Group 16 Elements
- 2.24.10: Anomalous Behaviour of Oxygen
- 2.24.11: Dioxygen
- 2.24.12: Properties of Dioxygen
- 2.24.13: Uses of Dioxygen
- 2.24.14: Simple Oxides
- 2.24.15: Ozone
- 2.24.16: Properties of Ozone
- 2.24.17: Uses of Ozone
- 2.24.18: Allotropic forms of Sulphur
- 2.24.19: Sulphur Dioxide
- 2.24.20: Properties of Sulphur Dioxide
- 2.24.21: Uses of Sulphur Dioxide
- 2.24.22: Oxoacids of Sulphur
- 2.24.23: Sulphuric Acid
- 2.24.24: Manufacturing of Sulphuric Acid
- 2.24.25: Properties of Sulphuric Acid
- 2.24.26: Uses of Sulphuric Acid
- 2.24.27: Did you know?
- 2.24.28: Summary
- 2.24.29: Summary
- 2.24.30: mcq_2.24
-
Chapter 2.25: The p-block elements-III
- 2.25.1: Introduction
- 2.25.2: Objectives
- 2.25.3: Group 17 Elements:The Halogen Family
- 2.25.4: General trends in the Properties
- 2.25.5: Physical Properties of Group 17 Elements
- 2.25.6: Oxidation States of Halogens
- 2.25.7: Chemical Properties of Group 17 Elements
- 2.25.8: Halides of Group 17 Elements
- 2.25.9: Halides of Group 17 Elements
- 2.25.10: Anomalous Behaviour of Fluorine
- 2.25.11: Chlorine
- 2.25.12: Manufacturing of Chlorine
- 2.25.13: Properties of Chlorine
- 2.25.14: Uses of Chlorine
- 2.25.15: Hydrogen Chloride
- 2.25.16: Properties of Hydrogen Chloride
- 2.25.17: Oxoacids of Halogens
- 2.25.18: Interhalogen Compounds
- 2.25.19: Structure of Interhalogen Compounds
- 2.25.20: Group 18 Elements:Noble Gases
- 2.25.21: Physical Properties of Group 18 Elements
- 2.25.22: Chemical Properties of Group 18 Elements
- 2.25.23: Compounds of Xenon
- 2.25.24: Uses of Noble Gases
- 2.25.25: Did you know?
- 2.25.26: Summary
- 2.25.27: Summary
- 2.25.28: mcq_2.25
-
Chapter 2.1: Alcohols,Phenols and Ethers (I)
-
Subject 3: Physics
-
Chapter 3.1: Alternating Current-I
- 3.1.1: Objectives
- 3.1.2: Definition
- 3.1.3: Alternating Current or Voltage
- 3.1.4: Difference between Alternating and Direct Current
- 3.1.5: AC Voltage Applied to a Resistor
- 3.1.6: Root Mean Square value of Current and Voltage
- 3.1.7: Example on Instantaneous Voltage
- 3.1.8: Power Delievered to a Resistor
- 3.1.9: Representation of AC Current and Voltage by Rotating Vectors
- 3.1.10: AC Voltage Applied to and Inductor
- 3.1.11: Inductive reactance
- 3.1.12: Phasor Diagram of an Inductive circuit
- 3.1.13: AC Voltage Applied to a capacitor
- 3.1.14: Capacitive reactance
- 3.1.15: Phasor diagram of a capacitive circuit
- 3.1.16: Did you know ?
- 3.1.17: Summary
- 3.1.18: Summary
- 3.1.19: Introduction
- 3.1.20: Impedance Triangle
- 3.1.21: mcq_3.1
-
Chapter 3.2: Alternating Current-II
- 3.2.1: Introduction
- 3.2.2: Objectives
- 3.2.3: Phasor diagram Solution of seroes LCR circuit
- 3.2.4: Series LCR circuit
- 3.2.5: Resonance in LCR circuit
- 3.2.6: Sharpness of resonance in LCR circuit
- 3.2.7: Example
- 3.2.8: The power factor in different circuits
- 3.2.9: LC Oscillations
- 3.2.10: Working of Transformers
- 3.2.11: Types of Transformers
- 3.2.12: Applications of transformers
- 3.2.13: Energy losses in Transformers
- 3.2.14: Did you know ?
- 3.2.15: Summary
- 3.2.16: Summary
- 3.2.17: mcq_3.2
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Chapter 3.3: Atoms
- 3.3.1: Introduction
- 3.3.2: Objectives
- 3.3.3: Thomson's model of Atom
- 3.3.4: Alpha particle Scattering Experiment
- 3.3.5: Alpha particle Trajectory
- 3.3.6: Rutherford's model of Atom
- 3.3.7: Electron's orbit
- 3.3.8: Atomic spectra
- 3.3.9: Bohr Model of the Hydrogen Atom
- 3.3.10: Energy levels for hydrogen Atom
- 3.3.11: Example
- 3.3.12: The line spectra of hydrogen Atom
- 3.3.13: De-Broglie's Explanation of Bohr's second Postulate of Quantisation
- 3.3.14: Did you know ?
- 3.3.15: Summary
- 3.3.16: Summary
- 3.3.17: mcq_3.3
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Chapter 3.4: Communication Systems
- 3.4.1: Introduction
- 3.4.2: Objectives
- 3.4.3: Elements of communication system
- 3.4.4: Basic Terminologies
- 3.4.5: Bandwidth of signals
- 3.4.6: Bandwidths of Transmission Medium
- 3.4.7: Propagation of Electromagnetic wave
- 3.4.8: Example
- 3.4.9: Modulation and its necessity
- 3.4.10: Amplitude Modulation
- 3.4.11: Production of Amplitude modulated waves
- 3.4.12: Detection of Amplitude Modulated wave
- 3.4.13: Did you know ?
- 3.4.14: Summarys
- 3.4.15: Summary
- 3.4.16: mcq_3.4
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Chapter 3.5: Current Electricity
- 3.5.1: Introduction
- 3.5.2: Objectives
- 3.5.3: Electric Current
- 3.5.4: Electric Current in Conductors
- 3.5.5: Ohm's law
- 3.5.6: Drift of Electrons and origin of Resistivity
- 3.5.7: Limitations of Ohm's law
- 3.5.8: Resistivity of various Materials
- 3.5.9: Temperature Dependence of Resistivity
- 3.5.10: Electrical Energy and Power
- 3.5.11: Combination of Resistors
- 3.5.12: Eample
- 3.5.13: Cells
- 3.5.14: Kirchhoff's laws
- 3.5.15: Cells in series and parallel
- 3.5.16: Wheatstons Bridge
- 3.5.17: Meter Bridge
- 3.5.18: Potentiometer
- 3.5.19: Did you know ?
- 3.5.20: Did you know
- 3.5.21: Summary
- 3.5.22: Summary
- 3.5.23: mcq_3.5
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Chapter 3.6: Dual Nature of Radiation and Matter
- 3.6.1: Introduction
- 3.6.2: Objectives
- 3.6.3: Electron Emission
- 3.6.4: Photoelectric Effect
- 3.6.5: Hallwach's and Lenard's Observation
- 3.6.6: Experimental study of Photoeletric Effect
- 3.6.7: Effect of Potential on Photoelectric Current
- 3.6.8: Effect of Frequecy of incident radiation on stopping potential
- 3.6.9: Photoelectric effect and wave theory of light
- 3.6.10: Einstein's Photoelectric Equation:Energy quantum of radiation
- 3.6.11: Example
- 3.6.12: Particle Nature of light:The photon
- 3.6.13: Wave Nature of Matter
- 3.6.14: Example
- 3.6.15: Wave Packet
- 3.6.16: Davisson and Germer Experiment
- 3.6.17: Did you know?
- 3.6.18: Summary
- 3.6.19: mcq_3.6
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Chapter 3.7: Electric Charges and Fields
- 3.7.1: Introduction
- 3.7.2: Objectives
- 3.7.3: Electric Charge
- 3.7.4: Conductors and Insulators
- 3.7.5: Charginging by Induction
- 3.7.6: Basic Properties of Electric Charge
- 3.7.7: Coulomb's Law
- 3.7.8: Forces between Multiple Charges
- 3.7.9: Example
- 3.7.10: Electric Field
- 3.7.11: Electric Field Lines
- 3.7.12: Electric Flux
- 3.7.13: Electric Dipole
- 3.7.14: Dipole in an Uniform External Field
- 3.7.15: Continuous Charge Distribution
- 3.7.16: Gauss's Law
- 3.7.17: Application of Gauss's Law
- 3.7.18: Did you know?
- 3.7.19: Summary
- 3.7.20: Summary
- 3.7.21: mcq_3.7
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Chapter 3.8: Electromagnnetic Induction
- 3.8.1: Introduction
- 3.8.2: Objectives
- 3.8.3: Definition
- 3.8.4: The Experiments of Faraday and Henry
- 3.8.5: Magnetic Flux
- 3.8.6: Faraday's Law of Induction
- 3.8.7: Example
- 3.8.8: Lenz's Law and Conservation of Energy
- 3.8.9: Motional Electromotive Force
- 3.8.10: Energy Consideration
- 3.8.11: Eddy Currents
- 3.8.12: Mutual Inductance
- 3.8.13: Self Inductance
- 3.8.14: AC Generator
- 3.8.15: Did you know?
- 3.8.16: Summary
- 3.8.17: Summary
- 3.8.18: mcq-3.8
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Chapter 3.9: Electromagnnetic Waves
- 3.9.1: Introduction
- 3.9.2: Objectives
- 3.9.3: Displacement Current
- 3.9.4: Maxwell's Equation
- 3.9.5: Electromagnetic Waves
- 3.9.6: Example
- 3.9.7: Hertz's Experiment
- 3.9.8: Nature of Electromagnetic Waves
- 3.9.9: Electromagnetic Spectrum
- 3.9.10: Radio Waves
- 3.9.11: Microwaves
- 3.9.12: Infrared Waves
- 3.9.13: Visible Rays
- 3.9.14: Ultraviolet Rays
- 3.9.15: X-Rays
- 3.9.16: Gamma-Rays
- 3.9.17: Video-p9.17
- 3.9.18: Summary
- 3.9.19: Summary
- 3.9.20: mcq_3.9
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Chapter 3.10: Electostatic Potential and Capacitance-I
- 3.10.1: Introduction
- 3.10.2: Objectives
- 3.10.3: Electrostatic Potential
- 3.10.4: Potential due to a Point Charge
- 3.10.5: Principle of Superposition for Electric Potential
- 3.10.6: Potential due to an Electric Dipole
- 3.10.7: Potential at broad side point due to an Electric Dipole
- 3.10.8: Potential in plane of an Electric Dipole
- 3.10.9: Equipotential Surfaces
- 3.10.10: Example of Equipotential Surfaces
- 3.10.11: Potential Energy of a system of Charges
- 3.10.12: Potential Energy of the system of Three Point Charges
- 3.10.13: Potential Energy of an Electric Dipole in an External Field
- 3.10.14: Electrostatics of Conductors
- 3.10.15: Electrostatic Shielding
- 3.10.16: Video-P10.18
- 3.10.17: Summary
- 3.10.18: Summary
- 3.10.19: mcq_3.10
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Chapter 3.11: Electostatic Potential and Capacitance-II
- 3.11.1: Introduction
- 3.11.2: Objectives
- 3.11.3: Dielectrics
- 3.11.4: Polarisation in Dielectrics
- 3.11.5: Capacitors and Capacitance
- 3.11.6: Capacitance of a spherical Conductors
- 3.11.7: The Parallel Plate Capacitor
- 3.11.8: Effect of Dielectric on Capacitance
- 3.11.9: Dielectric Constant of a Conductor
- 3.11.10: Combination of Capacitors
- 3.11.11: Combination of Capacitors in Series
- 3.11.12: Working of Van De Graaf Generator
- 3.11.13: Example on Combination of Capacitors
- 3.11.14: Difference between Series and Parallel Combination
- 3.11.15: Energy stored in a Capacitor
- 3.11.16: Van De Graaf Generator
- 3.11.17: Working of Van De Graaf Generator
- 3.11.18: Did you know?
- 3.11.19: Summary
- 3.11.20: Summary
- 3.11.21: mcq_3.11
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Chapter 3.12: Magnetism and Matter
- 3.12.1: Introduction
- 3.12.2: Objectives
- 3.12.3: Definition
- 3.12.4: Bar Magnet
- 3.12.5: Magnetic Field Lines
- 3.12.6: Bar Magnet as an Equivalent Solenoid
- 3.12.7: Dipole in an Uniform Magnetic Field
- 3.12.8: Example
- 3.12.9: Gauss Law in Magnetism
- 3.12.10: Earh's Magnetism
- 3.12.11: Magnetisation and Magnetic Intensity
- 3.12.12: Magnetic Properties of Material
- 3.12.13: Hysteresis Curve
- 3.12.14: Peramnent Magnets and Electromagnet
- 3.12.15: Did you know?
- 3.12.16: Summary
- 3.12.17: Summary
- 3.12.18: mcq_3.12
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Chapter 3.13: Moving Charges and Magnetism-I
- 3.13.1: Introduction
- 3.13.2: Objectives
- 3.13.3: Oested's Experiment
- 3.13.4: Aurora Boriolis
- 3.13.5: Lorentz Force
- 3.13.6: Flemin's Left Hand Rule
- 3.13.7: Maxwell's Cork Screw Rule
- 3.13.8: Magnetic Force on a Current carrying conductor
- 3.13.9: Example
- 3.13.10: Circular Motion in a Magnetic Field
- 3.13.11: Helical Motion in a Magnetic Field
- 3.13.12: Motion in Combined Electric and Magnetic Fields
- 3.13.13: Principle and Working of Cyclotoron
- 3.13.14: Applications and Limitations of Cyclotoron
- 3.13.15: Mathematical form of Biot-Savart Law
- 3.13.16: Magnetic Field on the Axis of a Circular current loop
- 3.13.17: Did you know?
- 3.13.18: Summary
- 3.13.19: mcq_3.13
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Chapter 3.14: Moving Charges and Magnetism-II
- 3.14.1: Introduction
- 3.14.2: Objectives
- 3.14.3: Ampere's Circuital Law
- 3.14.4: Magnetic Field due to an infinity long current carrying wire
- 3.14.5: Example
- 3.14.6: Solenoid
- 3.14.7: Toroid
- 3.14.8: Field due to Parallel Currents
- 3.14.9: Force between Two Parallel Current carrying conductor
- 3.14.10: One Ampere
- 3.14.11: Torque on a Rectangular current loop
- 3.14.12: Current loop as a Magnetic Dipole
- 3.14.13: Magnetic Dipole Moment of a Revolving Electron
- 3.14.14: Moving Coil Galvanometer
- 3.14.15: Parameters of Moving Coil Galvanometer
- 3.14.16: Conversion of Galvanometer into Ammeter
- 3.14.17: Conversion of Galvanometer into Voltmeter
- 3.14.18: Did you know?
- 3.14.19: Summary
- 3.14.20: Summary
- 3.14.21: mcq_3.14
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Chapter 3.15: Nuclei
- 3.15.1: Objectives
- 3.15.2: Introduction
- 3.15.3: Atomic Masses and Composition of Nucleus
- 3.15.4: Discover of Neutron
- 3.15.5: Size of the Nucleus
- 3.15.6: Mass-Energy
- 3.15.7: Nuclear Binding Energy
- 3.15.8: Nuclear Force
- 3.15.9: Radioactivity
- 3.15.10: Radioactivity
- 3.15.11: Example
- 3.15.12: Alpha Decay
- 3.15.13: Beta Decay
- 3.15.14: Gamma Decay
- 3.15.15: Nuclear Energy
- 3.15.16: Nuclear Energy
- 3.15.17: Nuclear Reactor
- 3.15.18: Nuclear Fusion-Energy generation in stars
- 3.15.19: Video-P15.19
- 3.15.20: Summary
- 3.15.21: Summary
- 3.15.22: Summary
- 3.15.23: mcq_3.15
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Chapter 3.16: Ray Optics and Optical Instrument-I
- 3.16.1: Introduction
- 3.16.2: Objectives
- 3.16.3: Reflection of Light by Spherical Mirrors
- 3.16.4: Laws of Reflection
- 3.16.5: Spherical Mirrors
- 3.16.6: Sign Convention
- 3.16.7: Focal Length of Spherical Mirrors
- 3.16.8: Images formed by a Concave Mirror
- 3.16.9: Images formed by a Concave Mirror
- 3.16.10: The Mirror Equation
- 3.16.11: Example
- 3.16.12: Refraction
- 3.16.13: Laws of Reflection
- 3.16.14: Apparent Depth
- 3.16.15: Total Internal Reflection
- 3.16.16: Total Internal Reflection
- 3.16.17: Total Internal Reflection in Nature and its technologiacl applications
- 3.16.18: Sparkling of Diamond
- 3.16.19: Prism
- 3.16.20: Optical Fiber
- 3.16.21: Video-P16-21
- 3.16.22: Summary
- 3.16.23: mcq_3.16
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Chapter 3.17: Ray Optics and Optical Instrument-II
- 3.17.1: Introduction
- 3.17.2: Objectives
- 3.17.3: Refraction at Spherical Surfaces and by Lenses
- 3.17.4: Refraction by a Lens
- 3.17.5: Example
- 3.17.6: Power of a Lens
- 3.17.7: Combination of Thin Lenses in Contact
- 3.17.8: Refraction through a Prism
- 3.17.9: Dispersion by a Prism
- 3.17.10: Some Natural Phenomena due to Sunlight
- 3.17.11: Secondary Rainbow
- 3.17.12: Scattering of Light
- 3.17.13: Rayleigh Law of Scattering
- 3.17.14: Optical Instrument-The Eye
- 3.17.15: Optical Instrument-The Eye
- 3.17.16: Defects of Eye
- 3.17.17: Defects of Eye
- 3.17.18: Defects of Eye
- 3.17.19: Compound Microscope
- 3.17.20: Telescope
- 3.17.21: Video-P17.21
- 3.17.22: Summary
- 3.17.23: Summary
- 3.17.24: Summary
- 3.17.25: mcq_3.17
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Chapter 3.18: Semiconductor Electronics-I
- 3.18.1: Introduction
- 3.18.2: Objectives
- 3.18.3: Energy Bands in Solids
- 3.18.4: Insulators,Semiconductors and Metals
- 3.18.5: Intrinsic Semiconductor
- 3.18.6: Extrinsic Semiconductor
- 3.18.7: N-type Semiconductor
- 3.18.8: P-type Semiconductor
- 3.18.9: Example on Semiconductors
- 3.18.10: p-n Junction
- 3.18.11: Semiconductor Diode
- 3.18.12: Forward Biased Junction Diode
- 3.18.13: Reversed Biased Junction Diode
- 3.18.14: V-I Characteristics of p-n Junction Diode
- 3.18.15: Rectifier
- 3.18.16: Half Wave Rectifier
- 3.18.17: Full Wave Rectifier
- 3.18.18: Zener Diode
- 3.18.19: Video-P18.19
- 3.18.20: Summary
- 3.18.21: Summary
- 3.18.22: Summary
- 3.18.23: mcq_3.18
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Chapter 3.19: Semiconductor Electronics-II
- 3.19.1: Introduction
- 3.19.2: Objectives
- 3.19.3: Optoelectronic Junction Devices
- 3.19.4: Photodiode
- 3.19.5: Light Emitting Diode
- 3.19.6: Solar Cell
- 3.19.7: Junction Transistor
- 3.19.8: Components of Bipolar Junction Transistor
- 3.19.9: Transistor Blasing
- 3.19.10: Terminal Currents of Transistor
- 3.19.11: Common Emitter Transistor Input Characteristics
- 3.19.12: Common Emitter Transistor Input Characteristics
- 3.19.13: Transistor as an Amplifier
- 3.19.14: Example
- 3.19.15: Transistor as an Oscillator
- 3.19.16: OR Gate
- 3.19.17: AND Gate
- 3.19.18: NOT Gate
- 3.19.19: NAND Gate
- 3.19.20: NOR Gate
- 3.19.21: Integrated Circuits
- 3.19.22: Video-P19.23
- 3.19.23: Summary
- 3.19.24: Summary
- 3.19.25: mcq_3.19
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Chapter 3.20: Wave Optics-I
- 3.20.1: Introduction
- 3.20.2: Objectives
- 3.20.3: Wavefront
- 3.20.4: Types of Wavefront
- 3.20.5: Huygens Principle
- 3.20.6: Laws of Reflection at a Plane Surface
- 3.20.7: Refraction of Plane Waves
- 3.20.8: Plane Wavefront in Lens
- 3.20.9: Plane Wavefront in Prism
- 3.20.10: The Doppler Effect
- 3.20.11: Red Shift and Blue Shift
- 3.20.12: Electromagnetic Waves
- 3.20.13: Superposition of Waves
- 3.20.14: Coherent and Incoherent Sources of Waves
- 3.20.15: Interference of Light Waves
- 3.20.16: Constructive and Destructive Interference
- 3.20.17: Young's Double Slit Experiment
- 3.20.18: Mathematical Analysis in Young's Double Slit Experiment
- 3.20.19: Example
- 3.20.20: Did you know?
- 3.20.21: Summary
- 3.20.22: Summary
- 3.20.23: mcq_3.20
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Chapter 3.21: Wave Optics-II
- 3.21.1: Introduction
- 3.21.2: Objectives
- 3.21.3: Diffraction
- 3.21.4: Diffraction due to a Single Slit
- 3.21.5: Example
- 3.21.6: Difference between Interference and Diffraction
- 3.21.7: Resolving Power
- 3.21.8: Resolving Power of a Microscope
- 3.21.9: Resolving Power of a Telescope
- 3.21.10: Polarisation
- 3.21.11: Polaroids
- 3.21.12: Uses of Polaroids
- 3.21.13: Maulus's Law
- 3.21.14: Polarisation by Scattering
- 3.21.15: Polarisation by Reflection
- 3.21.16: Polarisation by Reflection
- 3.21.17: Video-P21.17
- 3.21.18: Summary
- 3.21.19: Summary
- 3.21.20: mcq_3.21
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Chapter 3.1: Alternating Current-I
-
Subject 4: Mathematics
-
Chapter 4.1: Algebra of Matrices-I
- 4.1.1: Introduction
- 4.1.2: Objectives
- 4.1.3: Definition of Matrix
- 4.1.4: Order of the Matrix
- 4.1.5: Matrix Notation
- 4.1.6: Column and Row Matrices
- 4.1.7: Square Matrix and diagonal Matrix
- 4.1.8: scalar and Identity Matrices
- 4.1.9: Zero Matrix
- 4.1.10: Equality of Matrices
- 4.1.11: Example of Equal of Matrices
- 4.1.12: Addition of Matrices
- 4.1.13: Did you know?
- 4.1.14: Summary
- 4.1.15: Summary
- 4.1.16: mcq_4.1
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Chapter 4.2: Algebra of Matrices-II
- 4.2.1: Introduction
- 4.2.2: Objectives
- 4.2.3: Multiplication of a Matrix by a scalar
- 4.2.4: Properties of Matrix Addition
- 4.2.5: Properties of Scalar Multiplication
- 4.2.6: Multiplication of Matrices
- 4.2.7: Method of Matrix Multiplication
- 4.2.8: Example
- 4.2.9: Some Points to be Considered during Matrix Multiplication
- 4.2.10: Properties of Multiplication of Matrices
- 4.2.11: Example
- 4.2.12: Did you know?
- 4.2.13: Summary
- 4.2.14: Summary
- 4.2.15: mcq_4.2
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Chapter 4.3: Algebra of Matrices-III
- 4.3.1: Introduction
- 4.3.2: Objectives
- 4.3.3: Transpose of a Matrix
- 4.3.4: Properties of Transpose of a Matrix
- 4.3.5: Examples of Transpose
- 4.3.6: Symmetric and Skew Symmetric Matrix
- 4.3.7: Theorems
- 4.3.8: Examples
- 4.3.9: Elimentary Operation on Matrix
- 4.3.10: Elimentary Row Operations
- 4.3.11: Invertible Matrices
- 4.3.12: Inverse of Matrix by Elimentary
- 4.3.13: Example
- 4.3.14: Example
- 4.3.15: Invertible Matrices
- 4.3.16: Inverse of Matrix by Elimentary Operations
- 4.3.17: Example
- 4.3.18: Summary
- 4.3.19: mcq_4.3
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Chapter 4.4: Application of Derivatives
- 4.4.1: Introduction
- 4.4.2: Objectives
- 4.4.3: Rate of Change of Quantities
- 4.4.4: Example
- 4.4.5: Increasing and Decreasing Functions
- 4.4.6: Increasing and Decreasing Functions
- 4.4.7: Example
- 4.4.8: Approximation
- 4.4.9: Example
- 4.4.10: Maxima and Minima
- 4.4.11: Maxima and Minima values of a functions in a Closed Interval
- 4.4.12: Example
- 4.4.13: Example
- 4.4.14: Did you know?
- 4.4.15: Summary
- 4.4.16: Summary
- 4.4.17: Summary
- 4.4.18: mcq_4.4
- Chapter 4.5: Application of Integrals
-
Chapter 4.6: Continuity and Differentiability
- 4.6.1: Introduction
- 4.6.2: Objectives
- 4.6.3: Continuity
- 4.6.4: Example
- 4.6.5: Continuity
- 4.6.6: Example
- 4.6.7: Continuity
- 4.6.8: Algebra of Continuous Function
- 4.6.9: Example
- 4.6.10: Differentiability
- 4.6.11: Differentiability
- 4.6.12: Derivative of Composite Function
- 4.6.13: Example
- 4.6.14: Derivative of Implicit functions
- 4.6.15: Graphs of Inverse Trigonometric functions
- 4.6.16: Example
- 4.6.17: Example
- 4.6.18: Exponential and Logarithmic Functions
- 4.6.19: Logarithmic Differentiation
- 4.6.20: Example
- 4.6.21: Derivatives of functions in Parametric forms
- 4.6.22: Example
- 4.6.23: Second Order Derivative
- 4.6.24: Example
- 4.6.25: Did you know?
- 4.6.26: Mean Value Theorem
- 4.6.27: Summary
- 4.6.28: Summary
- 4.6.29: Summary
- 4.6.30: mcq_4.6
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Chapter 4.7: Determinants
- 4.7.1: Introduction
- 4.7.2: Objectives
- 4.7.3: Determinant
- 4.7.4: Example
- 4.7.5: Example
- 4.7.6: Properties of Determinants
- 4.7.7: Example
- 4.7.8: Example
- 4.7.9: Area of Triangle
- 4.7.10: Example
- 4.7.11: Minors and Cofactors
- 4.7.12: Example
- 4.7.13: Example
- 4.7.14: Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
- 4.7.15: Adjoint and Inverse of a Matrix
- 4.7.16: Example
- 4.7.17: Applications of Determinants and Matrices
- 4.7.18: Example
- 4.7.19: Did you know?
- 4.7.20: Summary
- 4.7.21: Summary
- 4.7.22: Summary
- 4.7.23: mcq_4.7
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Chapter 4.8: Differential Equations
- 4.8.1: Introduction
- 4.8.2: Objectives
- 4.8.3: Basic Concepts
- 4.8.4: General and Particular Solutions of a Differential Equation
- 4.8.5: General and Particular Solutions of a Differential Equation
- 4.8.6: Example
- 4.8.7: Formation of a Differential Equation whose General solution is given
- 4.8.8: Example
- 4.8.9: Methods of Solving First Order ;First Degree Differential Equations
- 4.8.10: Example
- 4.8.11: Homogeneous Differential Equations
- 4.8.12: Example
- 4.8.13: Linear Differential Equations
- 4.8.14: Example
- 4.8.15: Did you know?
- 4.8.16: Summary
- 4.8.17: Summary
- 4.8.18: Summary
- 4.8.19: mcq_4.8
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Chapter 4.9: Integrals
- 4.9.1: Introduction
- 4.9.2: Objectives
- 4.9.3: Integration as an Inverse Process of Differentiation
- 4.9.4: Integration as an Inverse Process of Differentiation
- 4.9.5: Integration as an Inverse Process of Differentiation
- 4.9.6: Example
- 4.9.7: Integration as an Inverse Process of Differentiation
- 4.9.8: Methods of Integration
- 4.9.9: Example
- 4.9.10: Integration using Trigonometric Identities
- 4.9.11: Example
- 4.9.12: Integrals of Some Particular functions
- 4.9.13: Integrals of Some Particular functions
- 4.9.14: Example 1
- 4.9.15: Example 2
- 4.9.16: Example 3
- 4.9.17: Integration by Parts
- 4.9.18: Integration by Partial Fractions
- 4.9.19: Example
- 4.9.20: Example
- 4.9.21: Integration by Parts
- 4.9.22: Example
- 4.9.23: Definite Integrals
- 4.9.24: Definite Integrals
- 4.9.25: Example
- 4.9.26: Fundamental Theorem of Calculus
- 4.9.27: Example
- 4.9.28: Example
- 4.9.29: Some Properties of Definite Integrals
- 4.9.30: Did you know?
- 4.9.31: Summary
- 4.9.32: Summary
- 4.9.33: Summary
- 4.9.34: Summary
- 4.9.35: mcq_4.9
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Chapter 4.10: Inverse Trigonometric Functions
- 4.10.1: Introduction
- 4.10.2: Objectives
- 4.10.3: Basic Concepts
- 4.10.4: Graph of Sine
- 4.10.5: Graph of Sine
- 4.10.6: Graph of Inverse Trigonometric functions
- 4.10.7: Domain and Range
- 4.10.8: Example
- 4.10.9: Properties I
- 4.10.10: Properties II
- 4.10.11: Properties III
- 4.10.12: Proof of Properties I
- 4.10.13: Proof of Properties II
- 4.10.14: Example
- 4.10.15: Did you know?
- 4.10.16: Summary
- 4.10.17: Summary
- 4.10.18: mcq_4.10
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Chapter 4.11: Linear Programming
- 4.11.1: Introduction
- 4.11.2: Objectives
- 4.11.3: Terms involved in Linear Programming
- 4.11.4: Linear Programming Problems(LPP
- 4.11.5: Mathematical Formulation of the Problem
- 4.11.6: Example
- 4.11.7: Sketching the Solution Set of a Linear Inequality
- 4.11.8: Graphical Method of Solving Linear Programming Problems
- 4.11.9: Graphical Method of Solving Linear Programming Problems
- 4.11.10: Theorems
- 4.11.11: Corner Point Method
- 4.11.12: Example of Linear Programming Problems
- 4.11.13: Example of Linear Programming Problems
- 4.11.14: Different Types of Linear Programming Problems
- 4.11.15: Summary
- 4.11.16: Transportation Problems
- 4.11.17: Summary
- 4.11.18: Summary
- 4.11.19: Summary
- 4.11.20: mcq_4.11
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Chapter 4.12: Probability
- 4.12.1: Introduction
- 4.12.2: Objectives
- 4.12.3: Example
- 4.12.4: Conditional Probability
- 4.12.5: Multiplication Theorem on Probability
- 4.12.6: Independent Events
- 4.12.7: Example
- 4.12.8: Bayes's Theorem
- 4.12.9: Example
- 4.12.10: Random variables and its Probability Distributions
- 4.12.11: Random variables and its Probability Distributions
- 4.12.12: Example
- 4.12.13: Mean of a Random Variable
- 4.12.14: Example
- 4.12.15: Valence of a Random Variable
- 4.12.16: Bernoulli Trials and Binomial Distribution
- 4.12.17: Binomial Distribution
- 4.12.18: Did you know?
- 4.12.19: Example
- 4.12.20: Summary
- 4.12.21: Summary
- 4.12.22: Summary
- 4.12.23: Summary
- 4.12.24: mcq_4.12
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Chapter 4.13: Relations and Functions
- 4.13.1: Introduction
- 4.13.2: Objectives
- 4.13.3: Types of Relations I
- 4.13.4: Types of Relations II
- 4.13.5: Example
- 4.13.6: Types of Functions
- 4.13.7: Example
- 4.13.8: Composition of Functions
- 4.13.9: Example
- 4.13.10: Invertible Functions
- 4.13.11: Theorems
- 4.13.12: Example
- 4.13.13: Binary Operations
- 4.13.14: Did you know?
- 4.13.15: Summary
- 4.13.16: Summary
- 4.13.17: Summary
- 4.13.18: mcq_4.13
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Chapter 4.14: Tangent and Normal
- 4.14.1: Introduction
- 4.14.2: Objectives
- 4.14.3: Equation of Tangent
- 4.14.4: Examples of Equation of Tangent I
- 4.14.5: Examples of Equation of Tangent II
- 4.14.6: Examples of Equation of Tangent III
- 4.14.7: Addition information about Tangents
- 4.14.8: Equation of Normal
- 4.14.9: Example I
- 4.14.10: Example II
- 4.14.11: Angle of Intersection of Two Curves
- 4.14.12: Example
- 4.14.13: Did you know?
- 4.14.14: Did you know?
- 4.14.15: Did you know?
- 4.14.16: Summary
- 4.14.17: Summary
- 4.14.18: mcq_4.14
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Chapter 4.15: Three Dimensional Geometry
- 4.15.1: Introduction
- 4.15.2: Objectives
- 4.15.3: Direction Cosine and Direction Ratios of a Line
- 4.15.4: Direction Cosine and Direction Ratios of a Line
- 4.15.5: Example
- 4.15.6: Equation of Line in Space
- 4.15.7: Equation of Line in Space
- 4.15.8: Example
- 4.15.9: Angle between Two Lines
- 4.15.10: Example
- 4.15.11: Shortest Distance between Two Lines
- 4.15.12: Shortest Distance between Two Lines
- 4.15.13: Example
- 4.15.14: Plane
- 4.15.15: Plane
- 4.15.16: Plane
- 4.15.17: Plane
- 4.15.18: Coplanarity of Two Lines
- 4.15.19: Angle between Two planes
- 4.15.20: Distance of a point from a plane
- 4.15.21: Example
- 4.15.22: Angle between a Line and a Plane
- 4.15.23: Did you know?
- 4.15.24: Summary
- 4.15.25: Summary
- 4.15.26: Summary
- 4.15.27: Summary
- 4.15.28: Summary
- 4.15.29: Summary
- 4.15.30: mcq_4.15
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Chapter 4.16: Vector Algebra
- 4.16.1: Introduction
- 4.16.2: Objectives
- 4.16.3: Some basic Concepts
- 4.16.4: Some basic Concepts
- 4.16.5: Example
- 4.16.6: Types of Vectors
- 4.16.7: Addition of Vectors
- 4.16.8: Addition of Vectors
- 4.16.9: Multiplication of Vector by Scalar
- 4.16.10: Multiplication of Vector by Scalar
- 4.16.11: Multiplication of Vector by Scalar
- 4.16.12: Multiplication of Vector by Scalar
- 4.16.13: Example
- 4.16.14: Product of Two Vectors
- 4.16.15: Product of Two Vectors
- 4.16.16: Product of Two Vectors
- 4.16.17: Example
- 4.16.18: Example
- 4.16.19: Vector(or Cross Product of Two Vector)
- 4.16.20: Summary
- 4.16.21: Summary
- 4.16.22: Summary
- 4.16.23: Summary
- 4.16.24: mcq_4.16
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Chapter 4.1: Algebra of Matrices-I